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Physical exercise can play an important role in mental well-being and can even relieve symptoms of mental health conditions like depression and anxiety.
While the physical health benefits of exercise are frequently discussed, the link between exercise and mental health is often overlooked. Studies suggest that physical exercise may help ward off mental health problems before they start. Research also shows exercise can improve the symptoms of many existing mental illnesses.
How Mental Health Benefits From Physical Exercise
Mental health professionals sometimes prescribe exercise as part of the treatment for specific mental illnesses. Some of the potential mental health effects of exercise include:
Anxiety and Stress
Exercise decreases sensitivity to the body’s reaction to anxiety.2 Additionally, a regular exercise program can help ease symptoms of other common co-occurring conditions, such as irritable bowel syndrome.
Exercise helps promote the growth of new neurons in key areas of the brain, including the hippocampus. Some research suggests that this may play a role in relieving symptoms of some psychiatric conditions including depression and anxiety.4 Animal studies have found that increased neurogenesis may play a role in calming the brain during times of stress.5
Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD)
Exercise may improve motor skills and executive function for children with ADHD. This seems to apply to both moderate and vigorous exercise, and exercising for a longer period of time may lead to better results.6 Cardio seems to be particularly beneficial for children and adults with ADHD.7
Depression
Light, moderate, and vigorous exercise have been shown to reduce the severity of depression. In fact, exercise may be as effective as other treatments for depression.8 It’s possible that regular workouts reduce inflammation, which has a positive effect on people with this condition.9
Panic Disorder
For people with panic disorder, exercise can be a proactive way to release pent-up tension and reduce feelings of fear and worry.10 Exercise may also decrease the intensity and frequency of panic attacks in some cases.2
Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD)
Physical activity may be beneficial for people with PTSD, especially those who have previously struggled with treatment and those with subthreshold PTSD. Exercise may also help PTSD symptoms like depression, anxiety, sleep issues, and cardiovascular problems.
Mindful Moment
Need a breather? Take this free 7-minute meditation focused on mindful walking—or choose from our guided meditation library to find another one that will help you feel your best.
How Exercise Promotes Positive Well-Being
Exercise can also be used to enhance well-being in people who already feel mentally healthy. Increased physical activity has been found to enhance mood, improve energy levels, and promote quality sleep.
There are several reasons why physical activity can be good for psychological well-being:
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